Peptides are short chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. Typically, peptides contain less than 50 amino acids. Peptides play critical biological roles in all living organisms. They act as hormones, neurotransmitters, and growth factors to regulate essential physiological processes.
Some key facts about peptides:
- Peptides are shorter than proteins but longer than amino acids. Proteins contain over 50 amino acids.
- The sequence and number of amino acids in a peptide determine its structure and function. For example, oxytocin is a 9 amino acid peptide hormone that regulates social bonding.
- Peptides can be derived from partial breakdown of proteins. Many bioactive peptides originate from milk and other food proteins.
- The development of solid phase peptide synthesis by Merrifield enabled the mass production of peptides for pharmaceutical use.
- Potential applications of peptides include their use as therapeutics, cosmeceuticals, drug delivery vectors, and nutritional supplements.
For example, collagen peptides promote skin, hair, nail, and joint health.
BPC-157 is an exciting peptide that accelerates injury healing. Thymosin beta-4 may potentially enhance cardiac repair after heart attacks.
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In summary, peptides are versatile, bioactive molecules with tremendous medical and pharmaceutical promise. From tweaking metabolism to tissue regeneration, peptides offer novel solutions to previously untreatable conditions. This makes understanding the form and function of peptides an exciting frontier in biotechnology. The future looks bright for peptide-based therapeutics!
Let me know if you have any other questions!